Small Bowel Diseases Including Malabsorption Syndrome Surgery India

What is small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) ?

The small bowel, also known as the small intestine, is the section of the gastrointestinal tract that connects the stomach with the colon. The main purpose of the small intestine is to digest and absorb food into the body. The small intestine is approximately 21 feet in length and begins in the duodenum (into which food from the stomach empties), followed by the jejunum, and then the ileum (which empties the food that has not been digested into the large intestine or colon)....

What causes small intestinal bacterial overgrowth ?

The gastrointestinal tract is a continuous muscular tube through which digesting food is transported on its way to the colon. The coordinated activity of the muscles of the stomach and small intestine propels the food from the stomach, through the small intestine, and into the colon. Even when there is no food in the small intestine, muscular activity sweeps through the small intestine from the stomach to the colon.....

Forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

There are two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

1. Crohn's disease : -

Crohn's disease appears to be increasing in frequency. It is more common in Caucasians compared to individuals of African of Asian descent. It appears to be most common in some individuals of Jewish descent. Crohn's disease can become evident at any age. However, there appear to be two peaks at which patients develop significant symptoms, in the mid-20s and after 50 years of age. The cause of Crohn's disease is unknown. An infection may be involved....

2. Ulcerative Colitis : -

Just like some people get arthritis which is an inflammation of the joints, it is also possible to get inflammation of the colon. Inflammation of the colon (large intestine) is called colitis. Germs can cause colitis. Poor blood supply can cause colitis. Some medications can cause colitis. However, in most cases, the cause of colitis is not known....

Causes

The abnormally large numbers of bacteria in the small intestine compete for nutrients with the person who has the condition. As a result, the person with the condition may not absorb enough nutrients.

In addition, the breakdown of nutrients by the bacteria in the small intestines can damage the cells lining the intestinal wall. Diseases that slow small bowel movement, such as diabetes and scleroderma...

Diagnosis

Anemia is probably one of the most common findings. Blood tests are available (antigliadin and antiendomysial antibodies). The antiendomysial antibody test is the most specific. The ideal way to confirm celiac disease is to perform an upper endoscopy and to inspect and take samples from (biopsy) the small intestine....

Treatment

The treatment of celiac sprue is to remove all gluten from the diet. Even small amounts of gluten can prevent a clinical response. It is important for the patient to become very familiar with gluten free products. Information is available in celiac disease support groups as well as a web page for celiac disease. Some patients may not respond to a gluten free diet and need other treatment, such as steroids. Failure to respond to a gluten free diet and/or steroids should always raise the suspicion of another diagnosis....

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